(Notice: The School for Champions may earn commissions from book purchases) Think of some clever new ways of doing thingsĭoppler Shift for Sound and Light - From book "Reflections on Relativity" Equations are available for determining the new frequency and wavelength, as well as the velocity of the source. The shift in wavelength is used in astronomy to tell when a distant galaxy or star is moving toward the Earth (blue-shift) or away (red-shift). When the source of light or electromagnetic radiation is traveling, the Doppler effect will cause a shift in the observed frequency and wavelength and an approximate equation can be used to determine that shift. Since the wavelength increased, you would use the red-shift equation. If the astronomer saw that the Hydrogen 434 spectral line of a distant star had shifted to 482 nm, what would be the velocity of the star? V b = c(λ/λ b − 1) Red-shift velocity equation The equation for velocity is derived from the above wavelength equations. Then the direction and velocity of the star or galaxy would be determined. Typically, an astronomer would study the spectrum of a distant star or galaxy and measure the new observed spectral lines of the various elements on the object. Other spectral lines would also have shifted toward the red end of the spectrum. The line has shifted from violet toward green. If a distant galaxy is moving away from us at approximately 50,000 km/s and we approximate the speed of light as c = 300,000 km/s, then the resulting wavelength will be: ( See Electromagnetic Spectrum for more information.) ![]() Astronomers study a number of spectral lines, but for our purposes, we will use the Hydrogen spectral line of λ = 434 nm, which is in the violet region of the visible spectrum. When heated, the various chemical elements give off light in a specific series of wavelengths or spectral lines. The red-shift equation for wavelength is:
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